Note: Momotaro - Peach Boy Hero

It’s impossible to talk about demons in Japanese folklore without mentioning Momotaro, one of Japan’s most iconic characters.
While he may be little known overseas, in Japan he enjoys near-universal recognition—thanks to his status as a staple of children’s picture books.

The earliest known appearance of the Momotaro story dates back to the Muromachi period (c. 1336–1573), where it appeared in a collection of short folktales known as Otogizoshi.
In this original version, he is a heroic boy born from a peach who sets out to defeat demons living on an island—an archetypal tale of good versus evil.

During the Edo period (1603–1868), the story was widely spread among the common people through printed books such as akahon (illustrated children’s books).
In the Meiji era (1868–1912), it was adapted into school textbooks, and by the Showa period (1926–1989), it had become a familiar tale in homes and classrooms across Japan.

From the mid-20th century onward, the story gradually became more child-friendly—toning down violent content to suit educational and moral standards of the time.

When I was a child (in the late 20th century), the version I read had Momotaro “punish” the demons, but he never killed them.
Nowadays, there are even versions where Momotaro resolves everything through peaceful dialogue.

Interestingly, in the earliest versions, Momotaro did slay the demons with a sword and burned down their fortress.
In that sense, you could even say that Momotaro is one of the earliest prototypes of modern shonen manga heroes.

Momotaro was not alone in his journey.
He had three companions: a dog, a monkey, and a pheasant.
Each of them received a millet dumpling from Momotaro and, in return, risked their lives to help him defeat the demons.

Even if you’re hearing this story for the first time, you might be wondering:
“Can they really win with just a dog, a monkey, and a pheasant?”

Most Japanese children have asked the same question.
It’s become a recurring theme in modern works: how could these animals possibly win?

As a result, many creative adaptations have reimagined the trio—sometimes as sentient weapons, magical beasts, or divine guardians empowered by the gods.

Let’s take a shonen-style look at the story.

First of all, the peach is no ordinary fruit in East Asian folklore.
In ancient beliefs, peaches were considered to have spiritual power, capable of warding off evil and misfortune.
So it makes sense that a hero born from such a fruit would be destined to banish evil from the world.

Also, in traditional Japanese cosmology, the compass is divided into twelve directions, each associated with an animal from the zodiac.
The northeast direction was considered inauspicious—known as the “demon’s gate” (kimon).
The animals associated with the opposite direction—the dog, monkey, and pheasant—were believed to possess the power to repel evil.

In other words, Momotaro’s team was symbolically aligned to have an advantage against demons.

And the millet dumpling he gave them?
It’s often portrayed as a power-boosting item that strengthens both body and mind.

You might not have noticed, but characters inspired by Momotaro may have already appeared in stories you've read.

Whether it’s a protagonist with a special birth, a strong sense of justice, or a team of quirky allies fighting evil—the DNA of Momotaro runs deep in Japanese storytelling.

As for whether Momotaro really existed—that remains a mystery.
But in Okayama Prefecture, there are several shrines dedicated to Kibitsuhiko-no-Mikoto, a legendary prince believed to be the real-life inspiration for Momotaro.

Okayama is also famous for its kibi dango (millet dumplings), which have become a popular souvenir across Japan.
They now come in a wide variety of flavors—you’re sure to find one you like.

And while you’re there, don’t miss the Bikan Historical Quarter, a beautifully preserved area with traditional architecture and scenic canals.

While you're in the area, consider stopping by the Bikan Historical Quarter—
a scenic district known for its traditional architecture and peaceful atmosphere.